Engine oils for motor blocks

The performance and durability of the motoblock largely depend on the quality of its maintenance, in particular on the characteristics of the engine oil used. The most correct solution is to use the lubricant that is recommended by the powerplant manufacturer. But this is not always possible. Moreover, some users try to "offer" to their mini-tractor the best quality oil, trying to extend its service life. Whatever your goal, first of all you need to study the characteristics and marking of motor oils for motoblocks and after that determine the most optimal option.

Explanation of engine oil marking

At present, the characteristics of engine oil are determined by two factors - the operating class and the viscosity class. The first parameter defines the design of the engine with which the oil of this operational class will show itself from the best side - it optimizes the operation of the power plant, reduces fuel consumption and neutralizes the exhaust gases in the best way. The viscosity class determines the fluidity of the oil for the motoblock. It is known that the motor wears out most strongly during start-up, since the space between the cylinder liner and the piston is dry - the frictional force between the contacting surfaces reaches its maximum value. Accordingly, the more fluid fluid, the faster the lubrication of the working surfaces.

However, here it is necessary to take into account that the viscosity depends on the temperature. If the engine will work in the winter, then the oil should retain its characteristics and in sub-zero temperatures, and with plus, when the motor warms up.

Operational class

To put it more clearly, the operating class determines the quality of engine oil for the motor block. Modern engines require that the GSM comply with increasingly new and stringent requirements. Currently, there are three operating categories:

• S - oils for gasoline engines;
• C - lubricant for diesel power plants;
• The EU is an energy-saving species related to a new generation of fuels and lubricants.

Each category is assigned an additional letter, for example SM, and the further the second character from the beginning of the alphabet, the more modern the oil. So, the lubrication class SM was born in 2004, but SN - only in 2010. Accordingly, the "newer" oil, the more progressive technologies in it are realized. There are also universal oils for motoblocks, which can be used with gasoline and diesel engines. In this case, the products are marked with two groups of symbols through a fraction: the first two letters determine the main sphere of application, the latter indicate the possibility of using this lubricant for another type of motor. For example, API SN / CH-4.

Classes of viscosity

According to the class of viscosity, all oils are divided into winter, marked with the symbol W, summer - without the letter designation, all-season - designation through a dash, for example 5W-30. The viscosity of the oil is determined under conditions that are as close as possible to the real. Existing viscosity classes:

• Winter products - SAE 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W;
• Summer - SAE 20, 30, 40, 50, 60.

"Summer" oils for motor blocks are highly viscous, which ensures optimal lubrication of the engine during operation, but makes it difficult to start at low temperatures. On the contrary, "winter" products lubricate the units better at low temperatures, but after heating they become too liquid. All-season grease has two qualities at the same time. When choosing a viscosity class, be sure to read the recommendations of the engine manufacturer. They are based on the design features of the power plant - the power of the oil pump, the size of the gap between the piston and the cylinder. It is possible to use motor oil for motor blocks with different viscosities, depending on the average temperatures in your region.

Operational classes of oil for gasoline engines

In some cases, using a lubricant of a different category may result in engine breakdown. Now manufacturers motoblokov recommend using the following classes of motor oils:

• SA - for operation under low load conditions.
• SB - for the operation of the motor block in the middle range of mechanical stresses. The oil is characterized by stable lubricating properties, corrosion protection of bearings.
• SC - engine oil for motor blocks not equipped with PCV valves. Reduce the amount of deposits, increase wear resistance and anti-corrosion protection.
• SD - lubricant for engines with the PCV system, has slightly better performance than the previous representative.
• SE - fuel for engines produced after the 80's, better resists wear, corrosion, protects bearings.
• SF - is safer and more quality than the SE brand, reduces the formation of deposits in a wide temperature range.
• SG - differs from the SF category with qualitative improvements.
• SH - the most modern type of motor oil, can be used in most engines.

When deciding which oil is best for the motoblock, follow the recommendations of the engine manufacturer. The motors are tested with the lubrication of a certain class, which best suits the power plant. It is advised by the manufacturer.

Quality of oils for diesel engines

Using the recommended motor oil for the diesel motor block significantly increases the life of the engine, and also reduces fuel consumption. Today, manufacturers advise the following categories:

• CA - for motors operating under low load conditions. The fuel reduces the amount of deposits at high temperatures, but the higher the load, the poorer the lubricant copes with the duties.
• CB is somewhat better than SA, it is recommended for use when running engines on high-sulfur fuel.
• SS - for the operation of the motor block at elevated loads, if the engine is not equipped with a turbocharger or a supercharger.
• CD - for use of power plants without superchargers and turbo-supercharging, operating at high speed.

When using motor oil for a diesel motoblock, it is important to monitor its quantity. Insufficient, as well as excessive, volume can lead to engine jamming.

Recommended oil for "Asian" engines

The most popular engines of Asian production are the models of companies Subaru, Honda and Lifan. The Japanese company Honda recommends using a multigrade oil of 10W-30 quality category SG or SF in its engines. If you are going to use seasonal grease, then its coefficient should be selected based on the average annual temperatures in your region. Concern Subaru recommends its customers to choose the viscosity oil SAE 10W-30 for work in temperate continental climate, and SAE 5W-30 - if you live in the cold regions of our country. In this case, the quality category must be at least SE.

Lifan advises users to choose the oil for the SAE-30 viscous power unit for summer operation and SAE-10W-30 for winter operation. There are no specific recommendations regarding the quality category.

Oil for domestic motoblocks

To one of the most popular domestic DM-1 engines, the Kaluga Engine recommends using the all-season lubricant 10W-30 and 15W-30, corresponding to the quality categories SF, SG and SH. The same oil for the engine of the motor block "Neva" is ideal, it is only necessary that it meets the requirements of GOST 10541-78. For power plants "Cascade" MB-6 it is allowed to use the same engine oils as for carburetor engines. The main thing is that it corresponds to the brand М-5з / 10Г1 or М-6з / 12Г1 in accordance with GOST 10541-78. Mixing mineral and synthetic oils, as some users do, is unacceptable - this will lead to jamming.

Transmission oil

Specific recommendations regarding what kind of oil to use for the gearbox gearbox can not be given. Each manufacturer determines the quality category and the viscosity of the fuel. If you want to keep your motoblock working for a long time, then strictly follow the recommendations regarding the brand of the product, as well as advice on the periodicity and the order of its replacement.