Civil War in Russia

The civil war in Russia is a whole series of events of the armed struggle between different groups of the population that are different in political and other ways. It occurred in a difficult period for the country.

The civil war in Russia in 1918 was due to the following reasons:

• The consequences of a disgraceful separate peace with Germany;
• The growing social tensions in the country after the Bolsheviks came to power;
• The dissolution of the Constituent Assembly, which resulted in the collapse of a possible democratic alternative;
• Dissatisfaction with the economic policy of the new government, namely the Bolsheviks, in the countryside and agriculture, from spring to the summer of 1918;
• A deep intervention in the affairs of the country.

The civil war in Russia took place during the period of military communism - this is the policy of the Bolsheviks inside the country. Its main characteristics were the following: the surplus-appropriation, which became the cause of the civil war, the nationalization of industrial enterprises, the prohibition of land rent, universal labor service, the grain monopoly. As a result - a strong social and economic crisis, which led to an event such as the Civil War in Russia.

What movements existed in Russia during the armed conflict? First, they are the two main opposing camps: "white" and "red."

"White movement" was formed in the autumn of 1917 in the southern part of the country. He was represented by generals and military leaders of monarchical Russia. "The Red Movement" is the Bolsheviks. With the help of terror and violence, they inclined to their side the bulk of the population. Secondly, during the Civil War there was a "green movement", of which the peasants were representatives.

The Civil War in Russia 1918-1920 has its own chronology of events, which are divided into 5 stages.

The first stage is characterized by the creation of the Red Army, the attempt on V. Lenin, the violation of the Brest peace by Germany, the capture by the Cossacks of Orenburg, the introduction of the food dictatorship and the announcement of universal military service. Also during the first stage of the Civil War , a Bolshevik resolution was adopted, which subjected the entire rear to terror.

The second stage was tough on the part of domestic policy: the creation of the Council for Workers' Defense, the introduction of universal labor, the surplus-appropriation.

In armed conflicts, the main actions were transferred to the South of the country, also at this time Kolchak is overthrowing the directory and becomes the supreme ruler of Russia.

The third stage identifies the counterattack of the Red Army and the defeat of the forces of the main enemy, mass mobilization and a national upsurge of self-consciousness begin in the rear.

The fourth stage begins with the Soviet-Polish war, and ends with the defeat of Wrangel's army. At the fifth stage, Soviet power is established throughout Russia, Central Asia, and the Far East.

The civil war in Russia ends with the victory of the Reds, and hence the victory of the Bolsheviks, the Red Terror. A little later the Soviet Union is formed, the country will enter a new stage of its development.