What is pre-sterilization cleaning, why is it necessary and how is the azopyramic test performed?

In medical institutions, everything should be sterile, especially tools. It is sterilization that guarantees the safety of patients, because in the blood and other liquids from the diseased organism that get on the instrument, viruses can be contained that can later appear in the body of a healthy person and cause it to become infected. And during processing all viruses and bacteria are destroyed under the influence of special fluids or high temperature.

However, before sterilizing the equipment, a special procedure is necessary - pre-sterilization treatment of tools. Its purpose is to remove blood, protein and fatty contaminants, medicines, and mechanical impurities from blood devices. Tools are processed in disassembled form.

Pre-sterilization cleaning of the instrumentation includes the following procedures:

- rinsing tools with water - 30 seconds;

- soak them in a detergent for half an hour;

- washing of each instrument with a brush or cotton swab - 30 seconds;

- rinsing with running water - 3-10 minutes - depending on the drugs used;

- rinsing for 30 seconds with distilled water;

- complete drying at a temperature of 85 ° C.

It is believed that the procedure was successful if the amidopyron or azopyramide sample gives a negative result (there are no traces of blood on the product).

During the procedure, a special cleaning solution is used, which has two variations. The first is made from perhydrol 30% (20 milliliters), SMS (5 grams) and water (975 milliliters). This solution can be used during the day after manufacturing. The second version is made from the preparation "Biolot" (5 grams) and water (1 liter), it is applied directly after manufacturing.

Control over the quality of pre-sterilization clean-up should be carried out regularly. Thus, in centralized sterilization facilities, self-monitoring is carried out daily, and in the departments of health facilities - weekly. Control by the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision should be carried out once a quarter.

To conduct it, an azopyramic sample is used.

Control should be subjected to one percent (but not less than 3 pieces) of tools processed at one time. If the sample gave a positive result, the toolkit should be re-processed.

The azopyrum sample is carried out using a special reagent. First, a solution is made: 1 liter (maximum 1.5) of anhydrous hydrochloric acid, 100 grams of amidopyrine and 899-898.5 grams of ethyl alcohol are taken to obtain a liter of solution. The ingredients are thoroughly mixed together. This solution can be stored for a long time - up to two months in the refrigerator and up to one month at room temperature. Perhaps a slight yellowing of the solution, as well as a precipitation in it. This does not affect its properties.

The aforementioned solution is used to prepare the azo-pyramidal reagent. Take equal parts of the solution and hydrogen peroxide 3%. At room temperature, the resulting preparation can be stored for about 2 hours, and at a temperature above 26 ° C - only half an hour. Therefore, the reagent for carrying out the azopyramic test is made immediately before use.

With longer storage, the reagent acquires a pinkish hue, which indicates a decrease in its effectiveness. To test for fitness, it is applied to a blood stain. If the liquid becomes purple or violet, the reagent is suitable for use. It is not recommended to store it in bright light.

The azopyrum test is carried out in the following way: the instruments under test are immersed in the reagent (they must not be hot). If they have any traces of blood, the reagent for a minute is painted in lilac color, quickly turning into brownish or pink. If the color of the liquid remains unchanged, this indicates that the instrument is completely clean and does not require re-processing.