Forgery of seals: the structure of crime and responsibility

As early as the 17th century, such a crime as falsification of seals became widespread. Since then, this "art" has made significant progress: new technologies and a large number of various tricky tools help attackers in their dark affairs.

It should be noted that the term "forgery of seals" means also their restoration. This is done with the help of a ready ink on paper. This requires specialist services. At the same time, everything is completely legal: you only need to submit a document showing that the old seal is lost or become unusable (this is mainly due to soaking from the ink).

Structure of the crime

1) The object of this type of offense are public relations associated with the manufacture, as well as the use and sale of various kinds of documents.

2) The subject is directly the thing with which a copy was made for criminal purposes. It can be a forgery of a seal, a certificate, a stamp, a form, state. Award or other official document.

3) The objective side of the crime are any actions with counterfeit items. They are illegal. These actions include:

• Directly manufacturing and falsification;
• Use for personal purposes;
• Marketing to third parties.

4) The subjective side of the crime is a direct intent.

5) A person who has reached the age of 16 years may be a subject of crime. They, however, can act not only physically, but also a legal entity.

A responsibility

How today can falsification of seals be carried out? The program (and not even one), which will help anyone in this difficult matter, can be easily found on the Internet. However, it is worth remembering that as a result of such illegal actions, criminal responsibility may come . According to Article 327 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, forgery of seals is punished in different ways, depending on the gravity of the crime. Note also that this article includes explanations on the creation of copies of forms, awards, stamps.

1) The forgery of seals, as well as any other documents (which are official), which either grant special rights, or relieve a person of certain duties, is punishable by law. The same applies to their sale. What is this responsibility? It can be:

• Arrest for 2-4 months;
• Restriction of liberty for up to 3 years;
• Deprivation of liberty, which usually does not exceed 2 years.

2) In the event that the acts described above are repeated or have been repeated, it is possible to get into detention for up to 4 years.

3) A fine in the amount of 100-200 minimum wages is imposed on the person who used documents that are obviously fraudulent. Instead of this punishment, however, others can be used, such as:

• Work compulsory, the duration of which will be 180-240 hours;
• Correctional labor up to 2 years;
• Arrest, which will last three to six months.

Always remember the responsibility that arises from the commission of wrongful acts. After all, falsification of the press is one of them.