Engine 406 carburetor. Engine specifications

It is difficult to call a car the first necessity in a person's life, however this is the most common vehicle. And without which people can not live? Without heart. This body from the machine can be called a power unit.

What it is? An automobile engine is an instrument that is capable of converting one type of energy into another. It is through this that the movement of any vehicle is carried out.

Typically, the machine is installed internal combustion engine, working on the pistons. It is divided into two types: carburetor and injector. Specifications of the engine directly depend on this factor. All units (depending on the type) operate on different types of fuel. These can be called gasoline, compressed natural gas or liquefied hydrocarbon, diesel fuel, more commonly known as diesel fuel.

ZMZ-406

Who can argue with the fact that a large number of traffic is carried out on GAZ vehicles? On the "Gazelle" most often installed engine 406. Carburetor power unit is available in two versions. Injection - only in one. What are the advantages of this engine? He spends enough fuel at his high power. And also the unit will last a long time, but only if it is followed by proper care. Among the minuses, it is especially acute that the engine is susceptible to the quality of engine oil. If it works on some particular type, then it's better not to experiment much. There is a problem of the braked operation of the fan, which leads to overheating. The system that regulates the temperature is a bit unstable. And since overheating can lead to an explosion, you should closely monitor this. Produced this model of the engine has been since 1996 and to this day is known as a durable and reliable unit.

Characteristic

It is worth noting that this unit bypasses by some criteria the previous engine of the series 402. The power plant 406 operates on 4 pistons. Its capacity is 110 "horses". To say exactly about the overheating of this engine is difficult, because some drivers state a constant rise in temperature, while others say that the cooling system is superfluous - the unit does not heat up.

If there is a desire to transfer your engine 406 (carburetor or injector) to gas equipment, then it should be noted that it perfectly "gets along" with propane and methane.

The moment with the fuel consumption is difficult to highlight - it directly depends on the driving conditions and the seasons. According to the manufacturer's specification, consumption goes on average 13.5 liters per 100 km. The volume of the engine is 2.28 liters.

In the external environment, we should note the compact arrangement of all elements. A special feature is the location of the spark plug - in the center. The maximum crankshaft rotation power is 5200 rpm.

History of the ZMZ-406

This model of the engine was developed on the basis of the sports unit "Saab 900". The end of the creation of the project on paper is the 1990th. And in three years the first prototypes of this engine appeared. The production of a medium-sized series was launched in 1996, but it began to go down from the main conveyor line as early as 1997. The end of production - 2003

At first, engine 406 (carburetor) was installed on small boats, which were used by government agencies. A little later they were interested in the employees of the Gorky plant, and over time, it was acquired by the Volga and Gazelle. After some time he began to enter the basic set of "Sable". Manufacturers ZMZ and GAZ allowed to install "non-native" engines on many models of cars at own will, so the unit 406 can be seen on some "Volts", in the configuration of which this device was not included.

Design and features

The engine 406 (carburettor) runs on gasoline. It has 16 valves and 4 pistons. The injection is controlled by the built-in electronic system.

During the creation of this power unit, the manufacturer decided to highlight it and add features. This can be considered the location of the shafts at the top of the cylinder block. The spark plugs are centered. Due to the use of the new injection system and the combustion chamber, the compression was increased to 9.3. Also a replacement of the carburetor power supply system was made.

Due to some manipulations, fuel consumption was reduced . However, there were rumors that the power of one model of the car brand "Volga" (engine 406 was put on it) was overestimated specially and artificially.

The difference between the injector and the carburetor

For a long time only carburetor-type models were produced. Over time, injectors appeared. Thanks to this, it was possible to achieve certain characteristics, for example, to reduce the amount of fuel consumed. If you follow the theory of ICE, the carburetor engine "Gazelle" 406 begins to work harder with a corresponding increase in the level of rotation of the crankshaft. How can this be achieved? The mechanism is made in such a way that when the pedal is pressed hard, the amount of gasoline vapor increases. This, in turn, increases the speed of the crankshaft.

The 406 injection engine (GAZ often used it) is operated by a microprocessor. Thanks to him, even with a slight depression of the pedal, the dynamics of driving on the car will be improved.

Engine tuning

In order to change the output of the engine a little, it is possible to carry out tuning work that will help improve the performance. Some do not like the small power, others - the amount of fuel consumed, and sometimes the driver wants to stand out from the background of others, optimizing a specific characteristic.

The first thing you can do on SRT is to improve engine 406 (carburettor) in terms of power. As a rule, in this case either the technical characteristics of the unit are increased by increasing the pistons, or a turbo (or separate turbines) is installed. More reliable will be the second way, however, the first will take much less effort, money and time.

In order to improve the overall dynamics, it will be enough to refine the input and output channels.

Driver errors

Because of the eternal desire to improve their unit, many try too hard and eventually just kill the engine. What mistakes should not be allowed while working with the power unit of the 406 series? The engine, the price for which varies within 100 thousand rubles, it is better not to optimize once again.

Do not listen to the advice of inexperienced drivers who suggest reducing the mass of the flywheel. This will only lead to unnecessary problems, and not to increased power. Air curlers are superfluous. To listen to experts who offer to install them, it is not necessary. If they are used, the power will be proportionally reduced. The speed of the car does not increase when the air is heated at the inlet. The reliability of the engine will drop if water is added to the intake path with droplets. Designers, on the contrary, try to maximally separate the liquid from the fuel, after all, getting into it, it contributes to the beginning of corrosion. Some recommend putting an electric puller to change the engine's specifications. However, it not only costs a lot of money, but also completely kills the power unit. And this is not all (but the most common) mistakes made by drivers.

Use in cars

Now this engine can be installed on any model of "Gazelle" and "Volga". Moreover, it officially stands on some passenger cars and cargo copies. However, due to the fact that many seek to use it on other models, there may be minor problems. Typically, this leads to a rapid breakdown of the pump, or the nozzles simply stop working, starts to drive the engine or leaking oil. There may be performance problems. In this case, you need to contact the SRT. If the problem is even more serious, then the specialized centers of the plant. They are scattered all over Russia and some CIS countries. Engine 406 (GAS also helps to solve problems, not worse than ZMZ) is so popular that high-quality repairs will not cause big problems. These manipulations do not take much time, and most importantly - do not require global financial costs.