Diameters of water pipes: GOST. Plastic and steel water pipes

While engaged in the creation or repair of water pipelines, one inevitably has to delve into the issue of pipe characteristics. After all, depending on the existing conditions, it is necessary to purchase one or another variety of such products. являются одной из самых важных их характеристик. The diameter of the water pipes is one of the most important characteristics. Therefore, much attention is paid to this issue.

There are several main types of water pipes. Depending on the group to which each product belongs, there are certain sizes. What are the diameters, how to select them, should be considered before buying and installing the system.

general characteristics

To equip the water supply system inside buildings, metal, plastic and combined pipes are used. For each variety there is a measure of its own. можно измерять в дюймах или в миллиметрах. The diameter of the water pipes can be measured in inches or in millimeters. The choice of calculus depends on the characteristics of the product.

To fix the dimensions of the water pipe, apply 3 main indicators. These include the outer and inner diameter, as well as the thickness of the walls.

In the last century, when in the apartments of ordinary citizens there were only steel pipes, a peculiar system for calculating the sizes of communications was invented. это 12,7) могли составлять, например, полдюйма. The internal diameter of the water pipes (in mm is 12.7) could be, for example, half an inch. But at the same time the external size and thread reached as much as 21 mm. Therefore, to mark the thread indicated that it is ½ inch.

Steel and copper pipes

указывается в маркировке по размеру снаружи, а также толщине стенки. The diameter of steel water pipes is indicated in the marking for the size of the outside, as well as the wall thickness. For example, the product 60x3 is a communication that has an external section of about 60 mm and a wall thickness of 3 mm. The internal section will be 54 mm. There is also a simple metric system. Its marking, for example M14, indicates that the pipe has an outer diameter of 14 mm.

But for copper products, an inch measuring system is used. And the marking is made taking into account the outer diameter. In this case, there is a certain correspondence of the sizes of copper pipes to the metric system. For example, 1 inch equals 25.4 mm.

If during operation it is necessary to connect a steel pipe with plastic varieties, special couplings are used. There may be difficulties. To choose their size, you need to pay attention to the marking of the steel pipe.

Plastic pipes

Several other approaches to marking have plastic water pipes. которых имеет номер 18599-2001, имеют большой диапазон. Diameters, GOST of which has number 18599-2001, have a large range. On sale are water pipes with a cross-section from 20 to 1200 mm. Most often, the choice falls on products such as PE 80 or 100.

Pipes PE 80 are designed for cold water supply (0-40 ° C). They are painted black with a longitudinal strip of blue tones. The internal diameter of the most frequently used communications can be from 16 to 110 mm. Their working pressure, depending on the group, is from 0.32 to 2 MPa.

PE 100 is a pressure pipe. It is made by extrusion. This variety is used in outdoor cold water supply systems.

Polyethylene pipes are sold on sale with the marking, which indicates the type of product, its purpose, wall thickness and diameter, as well as the GOST marking on which this product was created.

Polypropylene and PVC pipes

в продаже представлена с маркировкой толщины стенки. A plastic water pipe is on sale with a wall thickness labeling. Also, manufacturers indicate its outer diameter. This is one of the new types of water pipelines. Therefore, they are manufactured in accordance with standards (for example, 4200 / DIN or 2458 ISO, etc.).

On such pipes must be present a trademark and certification of the material. There are several types of polypropylene communications, depending on the nominal pressure.

The external size of the presented pipe species can be indicated in inches or metric values. The choice of system depends on the manufacturer.

PVC pipes are designated in the same way as polypropylene varieties. In both types of products, the dimensions do not coincide with the usual values of the metric system.

Transfer inches to millimeters

которой указан в дюймах, можно перевести в миллиметры. The water pipe, whose outer diameter is indicated in inches, can be converted into millimeters. The procedure should be considered with an example. Suppose a tube with a diameter of 1 inch is purchased. Its outer diameter when measured with a ruler is about 25.4 mm.

But for the selection of fittings you need to know the indicator for the thread. If you take into account the technical parameters of the cylindrical thread for pipes, the outer diameter of this indicator will be equal to 33.2 mm. This is due to the peculiarities of production. The thread is cut from the outside of the communications. Therefore, its relation to the internal diameter is rather arbitrary. For calculations, a doubled wall thickness is added to a value of 25.4 mm.

Diameter selection

являются важной характеристикой. The diameters of water pipes are an important characteristic. This is due to the bandwidth of communications. It depends on the diameter, how much water will pass through the system per unit time. The greater the pressure difference in it, the greater the flow rate of the liquid.

Special techniques to calculate the bandwidth of communications. Special tables are also used. Due to the fact that such a calculation is rather complicated, it is almost never used to equip the system inside the premises.

Usually professional repairmen and house masters are guided by simplification. Creating a water distribution within the apartment, purchase pipes ½ inches. When installing the riser, communications with a cross section of ¾ or 1 inch are required.

Dependence of diameter on material

может стыковаться со стальными коммуникациями. As it was said above, plastic water pipe can be connected with steel communications. To find the right fittings, you need to purchase their standard varieties. When they are manufactured, the pipe dimensions are taken into account, depending on the material. Therefore, there should not be any difficulties in this process.

But here changing copper, aluminum pipes, it is necessary to go deeper into the question of their regulations. The size of such products is indicated in the metric system. And, while joining them with plastic varieties, you should consider both the internal and external diameter, as well as their actual size in millimeters.

So, for internal wiring, you can purchase products with a diameter of 10 and 15 mm, and for the riser it is 20 and 25 mm. It should also be noted that a plastic pipe with an ½ "cross section can have an internal size of 11-13 mm.

, можно правильно подобрать изделия для системы коммуникаций. Having become acquainted with such a characteristic as the diameters of water pipes , it is possible to choose the right products for the communication system.