An extensive group of drugs - tetracycline antibiotics

Antibiotics of the tetracycline series is a fairly extensive group of drugs. Medications have a similar chemical structure. It should be noted that these funds are at one of the leading places among drugs of a wide range of activities.

Antibiotics of the tetracycline series. Description

Preparations in this group have a depressing effect on the reproduction and development of gram-negative, gram-positive bacteria, rods (acid-fast), large viruses, and other microbes. The category includes such drugs as "chlorotetracycline hydrochloride", "oxytetracycline hydrochloride", "tetracycline" and others. The study of medicines was started in 1948 year. Due to certain difficulties in the synthetic preparation of drugs, they are now created with the help of biosynthesis. All antibiotics of the tetracycline line differ in their amphoteric character. Their main qualities are due to the dimethylamino group. The acidic properties of the drug manifest due to phenolic hydroxyl in the D-ring. Being amphoteric, the compounds dissolve in acids and alkalis, forming salts. They, in turn, undergo hydrolysis in aqueous solutions. The increased acid content prevents the hydrolysis process, as well as the precipitation of the base.

All tetracycline compounds have spectra similar to each other. In molecules, phenolic hydroxyl causes a color change in interactions with ferric chloride (3). Antibiotics of the tetracycline series are decomposed by alkali before formation of isotetracyclines. In turn, this is accompanied by an increase in staining. General reactions are characteristic of all tetracycline compounds. It is possible to distinguish preparations from each other due to different staining under the influence of sulfuric acid (concentrated). This leads to the formation of compounds stained for each tetracycline in a certain color. So, for example, for one appears a purple-red hue, for another - purple. One of the characteristics is the ability of fluorescent drugs to fluoresce under the influence of UV light. This is often used as a confirmation of their authenticity.

Pharmacological properties of tetracycline

This drug is characterized by a fairly wide range of activity. Its bacteriostatic effect is due to the inhibition of protein synthesis of bacteria-pathogens. The activity of the drug is manifested relative to Gram-positive aerobic microbes, including strains producing penicillinase. The drug also affects gram-negative bacteria. Resistant to the drug small viruses, most fungi and a number of other strains.

Some rules for taking antibiotics. Adverse Reactions

We recommend the use of drugs in a dose of 0.3 grams in the first two days, 0.2 grams five times in the following days. With gonorrhea (subacute and acute uncomplicated), a course of 5 g is prescribed per course, with other forms - by 10. It is recommended to take the medicine before or during meals. Against the background of the application are likely indigestion, vomiting, nausea.